- ὀρφανός
- ὀρφανόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `orphaned, orphan', metaph. `bereft, abandoned' (υ 68).Compounds: As 1. member a.o. in ὀρφανο-δικασταί m.pl. "orphan-judge" (Leg. Gort.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 185).Derivatives: 1. Adj. ὀρφαν-ικός `belonging to ὀρφανοι' (Il., Pl., Arist.; Fraenkel 1, 211 f., Chantraine Études 101 f.), -ιος `abandoned, lonely' (AP). 2. Subst. ὀρφαν-ία f. `orphanhood, bereavement' (Pi., ætt.), -ότης f. `id.' (Cappadocia). 3. Verbs. a) ὀρφαν-ίζω (ἀπ- ὀρφανός) `to make an orphan, to bereave' (Pi.); from it formally -ιστής m., but as `guardian' (S. Aj. 512), name of an official (Selymbria); b) -εύω `to bring up orphans', midd. `to be orphaned' (E.) with -ευμα n. `orphanhood' (E.), -εία f. (if not itacistic for -ία) `id.' (pap.); c) -όομαι `to be bereft' (AP, sch.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [781] *h₃erbh- or *h₂orbh- `orphaned, bereft'Etymology: From the H.glosses ὀρφοβόται ἐπίτροποι ὀρφανῶν with ὀρφο-βοτία ἐπιτροπή and ὤρφωσεν (: ὀρφόω) ὠρφάνισεν we get a noun *ὀρφος, of which ὀρφανός, with the same meaning, seems to be a purely formal enlargement after other adj. in -ανός. With *ὀρφος agree exactly Arm. orb, -oy `orphan' and Lat. orbus `orphaned, bereft', IE *orbho-s. A i̯o-deriv. is supposed in Celt. and (a loan from there?) the Germ. word for `heritage' (so prop. *"orphans possessions" ?; diff., not convincing, Porzig Gliederung 121f.), e.g. OIr. orb(b)e, orpe n., Goth. arbi, OHG arbi, erbi n.; from there `der Erbe', e.g. OIr. orb(b)e m., Goth. arbja, OHG arpeo, erbo m. Further, quite hypothetical connections in WP. 1, 183 f., Pok. 781 f., W.-Hofmann s. orbus (w. rich lit.); further Benveniste Hitt. et indoeur. 11 f., who finds in Hitt. ḫarp-zi `separate, keep s.' the relevant primary verb and at the same time reminds (after Collinder) of comparable Fi.-Ugr. words, e.g. Fi. orbo, orvo `orphan'.Page in Frisk: 2,431
Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό). Robert S.P.. 2010.